A 10/22 comes apart into a few simple groups.
Knowing them makes cleaning and upgrading easy.

The Main Parts
Receiver
The aluminum housing that holds the bolt and trigger group. It carries the serial number.
Barrel
Held by a V-block and two screws, so swapping barrels is a bench job.
Bolt and recoil spring
A simple blowback bolt. Polishing and a firing pin upgrade are common.
Trigger group
A drop-in assembly. The BX-Trigger and aftermarket units lighten the pull.
Stock
Wood, synthetic, laminate, thumbhole and chassis stocks all fit.
Magazine
The BX-1 rotary, BX-15 and BX-25 box magazines, plus aftermarket drums.
Before You Swap Parts
Watch: The Takedown Bag
Check your state and local laws before adding magazines, stocks or muzzle devices.